Hibiscus Plant Description:
The Hibiscus is a genus of flowering plants in the Malvaceae family, known for their large, colorful blooms and lush green foliage. Native to warm temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions, hibiscus plants are widely cultivated for ornamental purposes and, in some species, for their culinary and medicinal uses.
General Characteristics:
Scientific Name: Hibiscus spp.
Common Names: Hibiscus, rose mallow, hardy hibiscus, tropical hibiscus
Plant Type: Shrub or small tree; can also be herbaceous depending on species
Height: Varies by species; typically ranges from 3 to 10 feet (1 to 3 meters)
Flowers:
Large, trumpet-shaped
Five or more petals
Diameter can range from 4 to 10 inches (10 to 25 cm)
Colors include red, pink, orange, yellow, white, and multicolored varieties
Bloom singly or in clusters, often throughout warm months
Leaves: Green, ovate to lanceolate, often with serrated edges
Stem: Woody in perennial species; herbaceous in annual types
Growing Conditions:
Light: Full sun (6+ hours per day)
Soil: Well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral soil
Water: Moderate to frequent watering; tropical types prefer consistently moist soil
Climate: Best suited for USDA Zones 5–11 depending on species; tropical varieties are frost-sensitive
Popular Varieties:
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (Tropical Hibiscus): Evergreen shrub with showy blooms; often used in landscaping
Hibiscus syriacus (Rose of Sharon): Deciduous shrub, hardy in temperate zones
Hibiscus moscheutos (Hardy Hibiscus): Cold-hardy, herbaceous perennial with large, showy flowers
Uses:
Ornamental: Popular in gardens, borders, and containers
Culinary: Hibiscus sabdariffa (Roselle) is used to make teas, jams, and beverages
Medicinal: Traditional medicine uses include treatment for high blood pressure, fever, and inflammation
Ecological: Attracts pollinators like bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds
Let me know if you'd like a specific variety described or need planting tips!